Friday, February 29, 2008

CHEd gives review centers ultimatum

MANILA, Philippines--The Commission on Higher Education (CHEd) has given the country's 700 to 800 private review centers until May 27 to integrate with tertiary schools or face closure.

read more.

USCIS Expects Significant Processing Delays for Citizenship Applications

Emilio Gonzalez, the USCIS Director, has warned prospective U.S. citizens "not to get their hopes up" regarding any improvement in the waiting times for naturalization to U.S. citizenship.

Read more

Thursday, February 28, 2008

Parasitic Diseases

A parasitic disease is an infectious disease caused or transmitted by a parasite. Many parasites do not cause disease per se. Parasitic diseases can affect practically all living organisms, from plants to man. The study of parasitic diseases is called by parasitology.

Some parasites like Toxoplasma gondii can cause Toxoplasmosis as a parasitic disease directly caused by the protozoan. In contrast, some of the symptoms caused by parasites are due to the toxins produced by the parasites, rather than the parasites themselves.

How are parasitic diseases diagnosed?
Many kinds of lab tests are available to diagnose parasitic diseases. The kind of test(s) your health care provider will order will be based on your signs and symptoms, any other medical conditions you may have, and your travel history. Diagnosis may be difficult, so your health care provider may order more than one kind of test.


What kinds of tests are used to diagnose parasitic diseases?


1. A fecal (stool) exam, also called an ova and parasite test (O&P)
This test is used to find parasites that cause diarrhea, loose or watery stools, cramping, flatulence (gas) and other abdominal illness. CDC recommends that three or more stool samples, collected on separate days, be examined.
Your health care provider may request that the lab use special stains to look for parasites not routinely screened for.
This test is done by collection of a stool specimen. Your health care provider may ask you to put your stool specimen into a special container with preservative fluid. Specimens not collected in a preservative fluid should be refrigerated, but not frozen, until delivered to the lab or the health care provider’s office.
This test looks for ova (eggs) or the parasite.

Example: pork tapeworm (Taenia solium) and beef tapeworm (Taenia saginata)

2. Endoscopy
Endoscopy is used to find parasites that cause diarrhea, loose or watery stools, cramping, flatulence (gas) and other abdominal illness.
This test is used when stool exams do not reveal the cause of your diarrhea.
This test is a procedure in which a tube is inserted into the mouth or rectum so that the doctor, usually a gastroenterologist, can examine the intestines.
This test looks for the parasite.

Example: Physaloptera (a nematode)

3. Blood tests
Some, but not all, parasites can be found by testing your blood. Blood tests look for a specific parasite infection; there is no blood test that will look for all parasitic infections. There are two general kinds of blood tests that your doctor may order:

a. Serology
This test is used to look for antibodies or for parasite antigens produced when the body is infected with a parasite and the immune system is trying to fight off the invader.
This test is done by your health care provider taking a blood sample and sending it to a lab.
This test is able to detect antibodies produced by the body or antigen from the parasite found in your blood.

b. Blood smear
This test is used to look for parasites that are found in the blood. By looking at a blood smear under a microscope, parasitic diseases such as malaria, filariasis, or babesiosis, can be diagnosed.
This test is done by placing a drop of blood on a microscope slide. The slide is then looked at under a microscope.

4. X-ray, Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) scan, Computerized Axial Tomography scan (CAT)
These tests are used to look for some parasitic diseases that may cause swelling of internal organs or abnormal scarring.



source: wikipedia; Center for disease control and prevention (CDC)

Middle East: Sponsoring your parents and relatives

Sponsoring your parents

Dubai: Expatriates who have a valid resident visa in UAE can sponsor their parents for a year's stay by paying a Dh5,000 deposit as guarantee for each parent.


But according to new regulations, you cannot sponsor only one of your parents and have to sponsor your father and the mother together, with proof that you are their sole supporter and they have no one to take care of them back home.

If one of your parents has passed away or if you are divorced, you have to show papers to prove that to the Naturalisation and Residency Department, as justification why you want to sponsor only one of your parents.

The son or daughter must also prove he or she is the only supporter of the parents and that there is no one to take care of them back home.
One should apply for the residency visa for parents at the department which issued his or her own resident visa.

The son or the daughter can sponsor the parents or the father and mother-in- law. In order to be able to sponsor your parents or father and mother-in-law, one should have a minimum salary not less than Dh6,000 with accommodation allowance or minimum salary of Dh7,000. They also need to obtain a medical insurance policy for both with a minimum coverage of Dh600 for each, to be renewed each year.

Now besides a medical health check, an HIV test is also needed before applying for the residence visa.
To obtain a residence visa for the parents, one has to show proof to the Naturalisation and Residency Department that there is a humanitarian issue that requires to sponsor them and that the son or daughter are their lone supporters.

The expatriate should also obtain a letter from his or her embassy or consulate certifying that the person is the sole supporter.

The Dh5,000 guarantee deposit will be returned after the parents leave the country and the visa is cancelled or the parent dies.Procedure- The UAE has allowed sponsoring the residency of parents because of ‘humanitarian reasons’ as elderly parents should be taken care of by their children, according to the Interior Ministry.

- Earlier, you could sponsor your parent for a residency visa without having to pay Dh5,000 as refundable guarantee. The new rule implemented few months ago now requires the deposit.
- All expatriates can sponsor their parents but the sponsor’s minimum salary should be Dh6,000, with housing allowance.
- You will now also need a Dh600 medical insurance policy for your parents.
- One can sponsor the father-in-law or mother-in-law, under the same conditions.
- The residence visa for the parents is valid for one year only and should be cancelled or renewed after the end of the validity.
- If you fail to renew or cancel the visa, the parents will be deemed to be illegal overstayers and will have to pay a fine.


Sponsoring a relative to visit

Dubai: Expatriates who have valid residency papers can apply for a visit visa for relatives or friends, but must fulfil certain conditions.

According to the Naturalisation and Residency Department (NRD) law, if the sponsored relative is a female, she should not be less than 25 years of age.

If an expatriate wants to sponsor his wife and children on a visit visa, he should personally apply at the NRD at the emirate which issued him residency visa.

Papers needed
The papers needed are: passport copies of the applicant as well his wife and children, marriage contract attested by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs; attested work contract if working with a private company, or salary certificate if working in the public sector.

The salary of the expatriate should not be less than Dh3,000 per month with accommodation or Dh4,000 per month without accommodation. The applicant need not pay any deposit. He must get an e-gate card.

The e-form application will cost Dh100; another Dh100 if the visa is needed urgently, as well as Dh10 for delivery of the visa through Empost.

If an expatriate wishes to sponsor his parents on a visit visa, the application must be submitted personally at the NRD. The papers required are passport copies and an attested letter from the embassy proving the relationship.

Also needed are: an attested work contract if the person is working in a private company or a salary certificate if working in the government sector. The minimum salary requirements are the same: not less than Dh3,000 per month with accommodation or Dh4,000 per month without accommodation. No deposit is required, but the applicant must get an e-gate card.

If you are sponsoring a relative, a deposit of Dh2,000 is required and the salary must not be less than Dh5,000 per month with accommodation. But if you are sponsoring a brother or sister, the salary and accommodation allowance should be Dh6,000.

An expatriate can also sponsor two friends on visit at a time, but the salary requirements are higher - not less than Dh10,000 and Dh2,000 refundable deposit for each person which is returned after the friends leave the country. One should keep the receipt safely and present it for the refund.

Ceiling for categories

Some of the monthly salary requirements for sponsoring relatives or friends on a visit visa
-Wife or husband's parents or grandparents. Salary must be Dh4,000 or Dh3,000 and accommodation facility.
-Wife or husband's brothers and sisters and their sons and daughters who are less than 18 years. Salary should be Dh5,000 per month and Dh2,000 as deposit.
-Sister's or brother's sons and daughters. Salary must be Dh6,000 and Dh2,000 deposit for those above 18 years.
-Grandsons under 18 years of age. Salary must be Dh4,000 or Dh3,000 with accommodation facility. No deposit is required.
-Adult grandsons. Salary must be Dh6,000 as well as a deposit of Dh2,000.
-Cousin. Salary of Dh8,000 and deposit Dh2,000.
-Wife's minor sons and daughters. Salary of Dh4,000 or Dh3,000 with accommodation facility.
-Wife, sons and daughters. Salary of Dh4,000 or Dh3,000 with accommodation facility.
-A friend. Salary of Dh10,000. One can sponsor only two friends at a time. If there are more, one should justify the reason for the visit of so many friends.


source: Gulf News

Wednesday, February 27, 2008

Make Nurses Happy, Some Hospitals Say

Despite the nursing shortage, Yakima Valley Memorial Hospital in Yakima, Washington, has no problem attracting a steady steam of job candidates.

“We’ve never offered nurses a sign-on bonus,” says Kathy Franz, the hospital’s director of human resources. “Sign-on bonuses typically keep nurses in their jobs for two years. Our goal is to attract candidates who want to work here for other reasons.”

Among those reasons are a supportive corporate culture, flexible shifts, numerous opportunities for upward mobility and benefits that include a matching 401k, onsite child care and tuition reimbursement.

Read more

Tuesday, February 26, 2008

Nurses compile their own list of problems

An occupational health and safety inspection by the NSW Nurses Association has revealed another long list of safety problems at the new $98 million Bathurst Base Hospital.

find out more at bathurst

Manitoba nurses threaten strike

Mannitoba--
The province and it's nurses lurched closer to a strike today when the nurses' union asked it's members to refuse to do overtime or accept extra shifts, and scheduled a strike vote for next month.

The Manitoba Nurses Union says talks with the Doer government broke down last night over wage issues. The union says the pay raise offered by the province is not enough to stem the exodus of nurses to higher paying jobs outside the province. The union says Manitoba's health care system is short 8 hundred nurses and the situation will only get worse as more RN's retire.

The province appears to have been taken by surprise by the union's move: a spokesman for Manitoba Health says the province tabled a proposed wage increase of 4.8 per cent per year over two years and expected negotiations to continue.

The province says its offer would make Manitoba nurses the fourth highest paid in Canada behind Alberta, Ontario and BC, all of which have higher costs of living. A spokesperson for the Winnipeg Regional Health Authority says extra shifts and overtime are scheduled into March and the WRHA expects nurses to show up for those shifts. The health authority wouldn't say what plans it has to replace RN's who refuse to sign up for extra work after the scheduled overtime shifts run out.

The Manitoba Nurses Union says it has scheduled a strike vote for March 10th.

Source: canada.com

Nurses want problems at hospital fixed

Nurses at a central NSW hospital will consider industrial action if major problems at the facility are not addressed "promptly", their union says.

A senior planning official in the region has been stood down after a number of design faults were identified at the new $98 million Bathurst Base Hospital.

The problems, including undersized operating theatres and intensive care wards and sheer drops accessible from the proposed mental health unit, were revealed earlier this month.

The NSW Nurses Association (NSWNA) said on Monday officials conducted an occupational health and safety inspection of the hospital last week and the results would be handed to former state and federal MP Ian Sinclair.

NSW Health Minister Reba Meagher has appointed Mr Sinclair as an administrator to help to identify and fix design issues at the hospital.

NSWNA assistant general secretary Judith Kiejda said there were also heavy nursing workloads at the facility, with some nurses working more than 100 hours last fortnight.

"It is just unbelievable that a brand new facility can have so many occupational health and safety problems," she said in a statement.

"Nurses expect that these issues, including the heavy workloads, will be addressed promptly and properly.

"If the problems are not fixed then Bathurst nurses will meet in the next few weeks to consider what action to take to get them fixed."

DoJ dismisses nurses’ complaint vs Sentosa

MANILA, Philippines -- The Department of Justice has dismissed the illegal recruitment complaint of 13 Filipino nurses in the United States against Sentosa Recruitment Agency in the Philippines and Sentosa Care LLC of New York for insufficiency of evidence.

In a seven-page decision, Senior State Prosecutor Doris S. Alejo, said they found no substantive alterations in the employment contracts signed by the nurses to sustain their charges.

Sentosa Recruitment Agency’s lawyer, Ibaro B. Relamida Jr., in a statement Monday, said this was the third successive loss of the New York nurses since the case was filed in June 2006. The nurses also lost their cases filed with the Philippine Overseas Employment Agency (POEA) and the National Labor Relations Commission (NLRC).

read the whole article here

To become a nurse in UAE

Dubai: To maintain a high standard of service, the UAE has set specific regulations for those who wish to work as nurses in the government or private sectors.

It is required that nurses continuously work on developing their nursing skills and knowledge on a regular basis. To protect people's health and safety, the Ministry of Health has stressed that all nurses or midwives must meet a minimum criteria to practice their occupation here.

Nurses can apply for a job at the Ministry of Health in Abu Dhabi or Dubai and if the application is accepted, the person may work at any of the seven emirates.

If the nurse wishes to work only for the Dubai Government, the application should be sent to the Department of Health and Medical Services in Dubai (DOHMS).

If the applicant is a legal resident in the UAE, then he or she should apply directly at the Ministry of Health. Applicants can obtain information about vacancies by approaching the Federal Nursing Department at the MOH.

All qualified nurses applying for MOH employment must complete the needed registration necessities and should appear for an examination at the ministry.

Assistant nurses and helpers do not need to obtain the ministry's requirements. For example, nurses applying for a position with the MOH at a grade higher than assistant technician, then he or she must register with the Federal Department of Nursing.

There are specific countries from where applicants are exempted from the ministry's examination which is part of registration. Details about those courtiers can be obtained from the federal nursing department at the MOH.

Those applying for a nursing job online from overseas through the ministry's website can complete their registration requirements after joining the services here.

Those who are residing here have to complete their registration requirements before applying for a job.

Needed documents
Nurses must submit the following documents to the Ministry of Health and then their files will be assessed for employment.


- Bio-data, C.V. which should be in English
- Copies of their certificates or degrees
- Copies of their post-graduate diplomas or degree certificates.
- A copy of their school leaving certificate or comparable certificates.
- Copy of the current nursing licence which should be authorised from the home country of applicant.
- Copy of his or her work experience, signed by a senior official. The work experience documents should show starting date of employment, date of leaving employment and should mention the post held.
- A passport copy, including entry permits to the UAE. Those who have a valid residence visa must submit a copy.
- Three passport size photos.
- Fill in an application form.
- All documents must be translated into Arabic.
- If the nurse passes the interview and the examination. he or she will be given the post of nurse in accordance with the qualifications.
- The job will be at any of the ministry's hospitals, clinics or in any medical district in any of the seven emirates.




Source: Gulf News

Monday, February 25, 2008

Nursing in the Middle East




For those who want to work in the Middle East, please note the following:

Requirements
You will normally require at least 2 years experience, but this will depend on the posts available and the type of work. It is known that most opportunities in the Middle East require high calibre staff with proven skills in specialist areas. Extra pay awards are available for particular specialities if your experience is strong enough.

Benefits
• One to two year, renewable contracts are offered in most cases.
• Income earned while working in Saudi Arabia is tax-free
• Accommodation is provided for free.

• Vacation time is generous and is usually six to eight weeks per year

• Europe, Africa and Asia are all within short reach if you decide to travel.

• Your employer will pay the return flight to get there and back.

• Free leisure facilities

• Great weather all year!


Work Eligibility
If you hold a British, American or Canadian passport you will be able to work in most Middle East countries, other nationals should contact their Local Government. You will be allowed to enter most countries without such things as a Work Permit or Visa, but some more hostile parts of the Middle East may provide you with entry problems. Again find out the details from your relevant Government department.

Starting an IV

1. Prepare the patient: explain the procedure, answer any questions, and give reassurance



2. Gather equipment: IV bag with primed tubing, sharps container, catheter, tape, dressing, tourniquet, antiseptic swabs, gloves, IV catheter of appropriate size.



3. Organize supplies: tear tape, hang IV solution with primed tubing close by, sharps container within easy reach, 2x2 or other dressing open



4. Apply tourniquet: proximal to intended insertion site, either mid-forearm or above the elbow; don gloves.



5. Locate vein: palpate with fingertips. To further enhance dilation, gently tap, apply heat/warm soak, have patient make a fist, or dangle arm below heart



6. Cleanse site: using moderate friction, cleanse in a circular motion, moving outward from intended site

7. Put on gloves: while waiting for cleansed area to dry, avoid touching the site once it has been prepared.

8. Apply traction: (opposite the direction of the catheter)

9. Position needle: bevel side up, 15-30 degrees. Note: hold the needle with the thumb and pointer finger in a way that allows for visualization of the flash chamber

10. Insert needle: and observe for "flash back" in flash chamber. Lower catheter almost parallel to the skin, and insert the needle 1-2 additional mL to ensure catheter has also entered the vein.

11. Advance the catheter: thread catheter into vein while maintaining skin traction and pulling back on needle

12. Release the tourniquet, and apply digital pressure just above the end of the catheter tip while gently stabilizing the hub of the catheter

13. Remove needle, and discard into approved sharps container

14. Connect IV tubing, open clamp, and observe for free flow of IV fluid

15. Secure catheter, and apply sterile dressing per hospital policy and procedure

16. Clean up, and document per hospital policy/procedure


source: MedSurg Notes by Myers and Hopkins

High Alert Medications

High alert medications are those that have a high risk of causing injury or death when improperly handled or administered.

Exercise extreme caution when administering these medications.

-Adrenergic agonists (epinephrine, isoproterenol, norepinephrine)
-Cardioplegic solutions
-Chemotherapeutic agents
-Chloral hydrate (in pediatric patients)
-Colchicine injection
-High concentration dextrose (greater than 10% dextrose)
-Hypoglycemic agents (oral)
-Hypertonic sodium chloride injection (>0.9% concentration)
-Insulin
-IV adrenergic antagonists (propranolol, esmolol, metoprolol)
-IV calcium; IV magnesium sulfate
-IV digoxin
-IV potassium (phosphate and chloride)
-Lidocaine.benzocaine; other topical anesthetics
-Midazolam
-Neuromuscular blocking agents
-Opiates (opioids)
-Thrombolytics, heparin, warfarin



Source: MedSurg Notes by Myers and Hopkins



Osteoporosis

Osteoporosis is a condition characterized by the loss of the normal density of bone, resulting in fragile bone. Osteoporosis leads to literally abnormally porous bone that is more compressible like a sponge, than dense like a brick. This disorder of the skeleton weakens the bone causing an increase in the risk for breaking bones (bone fracture).

Normal bone is composed of protein, collagen, and calcium all of which give bone its strength. Bones that are affected by osteoporosis can break (fracture) with relatively minor injury that normally would not cause a bone fracture. The fracture can be either in the form of cracking (as in a hip fracture), or collapsing (as in a compression fracture of the vertebrae of the spine). The spine, hips, and wrists are common areas of bone fractures from osteoporosis, although osteoporosis-related fractures can also occur in almost any skeletal bone.

SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS
In the early stages of osteoporosis, you probably will not have symptoms. As the disease progresses, you may develop symptoms related to weakened bones, including:

-Back pain.
-Loss of height and stooped posture.
-A
curved upper back (dowager's hump).
-Broken bones (
fractures) that might occur with a minor injury, especially in the hip, spine, and wrist.
-Compression fractures in the spine that may cause severe back pain. But sometimes these fractures cause only minor symptoms or no symptoms at all.

PREVENTION
Getting adequate calcium and vitamin D is an important factor in reducing your risk of osteoporosis. If you already have osteoporosis, getting adequate calcium and vitamin D, as well as taking other measures, can help prevent your bones from becoming weaker. In some cases you may even be able to replace bone you've lost.

Exercise. Exercise can help you build strong bones and slow bone loss. Exercise will benefit your bones no matter when you start, but you'll gain the most benefits if you start exercising regularly when you're young and continue to exercise throughout your life. Combine strength training exercises with weight-bearing exercises.

Add soy to your diet. The plant estrogens found in soy help maintain bone density and may reduce the risk of fractures

Don't smoke. Smoking increases bone loss, perhaps by decreasing the amount of estrogen a woman's body makes and by reducing the absorption of calcium in your intestine. The effects on bone of secondhand smoke aren't yet known.

Avoid excessive alcohol. Consuming more than two alcoholic drinks a day may decrease bone formation and reduce your body's ability to absorb calcium. There's no clear link between moderate alcohol intake and osteoporosis.

Limit caffeine. Moderate caffeine consumption — about two to three cups of coffee a day — won't harm you as long as your diet contains adequate calcium.

Stethoscope


The stethoscope was invented by the French physician R.T.H. Laënnec. René Théophile Hyacinthe Laënnec is generally considered to be the father of chest medicine.

Sunday, February 24, 2008

Nursing in Singapore

Here is a list of requirements for foreign nurses to be able to work as a nurse in Singapore:

1) Letter of employment

2) Certified copy of :

NRIC, birth certificate, passport or marriage certificate where applicable;
Registration as a Registered Nurse or Registered Midwife or enrolment as an Enrolled Nurse (registration or enrolment certificate and practising certificate);
Training certificate;
Transcript of Nursing Education (with the breakdown in theory and record of clinical experience in hours);
Work testimonials.


(The above documents must be certified true copies of original certificates/ documents by the employer in Singapore)

3) Verification of registration/enrolment to be sent directly from Registration/Licensing authority to Registrar, Singapore Nursing Board, 16 College Road, #01-01, College of Medicine Building, Singapore 169854.

4) Transcript of nursing education to be sent directly from the training institution to Registrar, Singapore Nursing Board, 16 College Road, #01-01, College of Medicine Building, Singapore 169854.

5) Any document that is not in English shall be accompanied by a certified translation in English.


Source:
Singapore Nursing Board


Poor Quality Nursing Schools Blamed

The passing rate of 43.38 percent is the lowest in the history of the board exams, said Dr. Maria Teresita Sinda, chairperson of the Commission on Higher Education (CHED) Technical Committee in Nursing Education.

Only 28,994 examinees passed out of 67,700 nursing students who took the board examinations last December.

Sinda cited three factors for the low performance —' quality of the faculty, the number of students' admitted in schools and the lack of tertiary training hospitals.

Nursing instructors should have clinical experience and continuing education. Otherwise, what would be the quality of their teachings?

The low passing rate reflects the quality of nursing schools. It is saddening to think that most schools are accepting a large number of enrollees each year, but not able to make a passing mark in the exams. To make it worse, there had been news about some nursing schools that have no hospitals. How could they equip the students with adequate nursing skills?

Is it all about money? What about the integrity of the profession?

CoA tells CHEd: Shut subpar nursing schools

The Commission on audit urged the Commission on Higher Education (CHEd) to phase out the nursing programs in colleges and universities whose graduates perform badly in state licensure examinations.

According to the CoA, it was necessary for the CHEd to exercise its regulatory function to “maintain and protect standards set to ensure the quality of nursing graduates.”

Only a small number of schools nationwide are able to have at least 50% of their graduates pass the nursing licensure exam. In 108 nursing schools nationwide, only 25 to 50 percent of graduates passed the PRC nursing board examinations, the CoA said. Worse, some schools even fail to pass a single student.

It is clear that if CHEd would not do its regulatory function of closing down poorly performing nursing schools, continuing deterioration of nursing quality in the country is inevitable.

Saturday, February 23, 2008

Stimulating Thymus to Produce New T-cells for HIV

HIV infection destroys T-cells which leads to the collapse of the immune system, and eventually, sever infection. Since the thymus gland functions only in the early part of life, it would be impossible to produce new T-cells.

Fortunately, a new study by researchers at the Gladstone Institute of Virology and Immunology and the University of California, San Francisco (UCSF), showed that therapy can help boost thymus function in adults.

The two-year study involved 22 HIV-infected adults. It revealed that treatment with growth hormone (GH) increased thymus mass and more than doubled the number of newly made T-cells. With this, it is possible to rebuild the immune system.



Improved T-cell production may be helpful in HIV and bone marrow transplantation. However, much more research is needed to determine if this actually offers a health benefit.




Severe Nursing Shortage in Iowa

In Iowa, the current nursing shortage has become a crisis. Lack of faculty in nursing programs and low wages, and not enough graduate nurses to replace the work force are the causes. US Rep. Tom Latham of Iowa said that he would hold a meeting with nursing groups next month regarding the issue.

Nursing shortage is not limited to Iowa, for other states face the same problem too. About 41 percent of registered nurses in the United States are at least 50 years old and nearing retirement, according to the latest survey from the U.S Department of Health and Human Services.

The problem will continue to grow if nursing schools would not be able to double the number of their graduates. Increasing the number of graduate nurses produced each year would not be easy because in all, Iowa has about 100 nursing faculty vacancies, according to the Iowa Nurses' Association. This causes a number of students to be denied admission to nursing schools due to lack of qualified teachers. Also, most of the nursing teachers in universities are 50-and 60- year olds. Filling up the nursing faculty vacancies seems to be a problem also. Few nurses are willing to take up a Master's degree to be able to teach because they can receive a much higher salary in the hospitals.

Sadly, this issue is not confined to health care professionals only. Patients can be more affected. Less nurses means inadequate medical care for them.





How to Immigrate and Work as a Nurse in the US

According to the American Association of Foreign Educated Nurses (AAFEN), these are the steps to be done to be able to immigrate and work as a nurse in the US:

Step 1. The RN must have a diploma in nursing and an unrestricted and unencumbered nursing license from the nurse's home country.


Step 2. The RN must take an English language exam demonstrating their proficiency in English. The tests that are acceptable are: TOEFL iBT, IELTS and TOEIC.

Step 3. Obtain a CGFNS Certificate.
The CGFNS Certification Program Certificate is required of internationally-educated registered nurses by a majority of U.S. states in order to take the NCLEX-RN® licensure examination.
The CGFNS International Certification Program is a three-part program designed to predict an applicant's likelihood of passing the NCLEX-RN® examination and becoming licensed as a registered nurse in the United States. The three parts of the program include a credentials review, a Qualifying Exam of nursing knowledge and an English language proficiency examination. Applicants must successfully complete all three parts of the Certification Program in order to earn the CGFNS Certificate.

Step 4. Obtain a VisaScreen Certficate.
The VisaScreen Certificate is issued by the Commission on Graduates of Foreign Nursing Schools (CGFNS). VisaScreen includes an educational review, licensure review, English language skills assessment and passage of one of two approved examinations for registered nurses (CGFNS International Qualifying Exam or NCLEX-RN).
The VisaScreen Certificate is different from the CGFNS Certificate, although most of the requirements of the VisaScreen Certificate are satisfied by the CGFNS Certificate.

Step 5. The VisaScreen Certificate can now be presented to a consular officer as part of immigrant visa petition (Form I-140). Typically, the visa petition will be approved in two to three months.



Visa Update

Additional information regarding issuance of visas.

(02/12/08) - The US State Department issued its March Visa Bulletin. The following was posted on the Hammond Law Group Blog:

"As expected, some EB categories greatly moved forward; notably processing is now available for All Other Countries and the Philippines who filed prior to January 1, 2005.EB1 - all current, as usual.EB2 - all current, except China (Dec 1, 2003), and India (U).EB3 - all countries (Jan 1, 2005), China (Dec 1, 2002), India (Aug 1, 2001), Mexico (May 1, 2001), Philippines (Jan 1, 2005)."

As most know, Nurses fall under the EB3 category. As pointed out, All Other Countries and the Philippines was moved forward to January 1, 2005. Prior to this move, the cut off date was November, 2002. There is hope that the EB3 category will be brought current later this year.



Source: American Association of Foreign Educated Nurses

Friday, February 22, 2008

Survey Says: Nurse Salaries on the Rise

"The overall factor that has led to the salary increase is the industry shortage," said Cheryl L. Mee, RN, MSN, editor-in-chief of Nursing2004. "Any time demand goes up, competition rises, which means hospitals are competing with salaries. This is the good news that comes from the bad."

read the whole article here

A Nurse's Place Is By The Bedside, UK

An all graduate profession will not deliver better patient care and is not the future for nursing warned UNISON, the UK's largest health union. UNISON's response to the latest DOH and Nursing and Midwifery Council (NMC) consultations on nurse training found that the overwhelming majority of nurses see their place as by the bedside.

read the whole article here

Optimal band imaging detects early gastric cancer

A new study has shown that a technique designed to enhance images obtained during endoscopy could help to diagnose early gastric (stomach) cancer.

Survival rates for gastric cancer increase by nearly 90 per cent if the disease is caught early on, highlighting the importance of early diagnosis.

Scientists at the Jichi Medical University in Japan have found that optimal band imaging (OBI) - which was developed to enhance the patterns of lesions in endoscopic images - can be used to clearly identify a form of the disease called 'depressed-type' early gastric cancer, which is particularly difficult to spot as it appears as subtle changes in colour and shape.

Researchers used OBI on 27 patients who had been diagnosed with depressed-type early gastric cancer.

The ample light intensity of the technique allowed the scientists to observe the entire stomach without magnification and easily enabled them to identify 26 of the 27 cases of gastric cancer.

The images showed a clear contrast between the reddish cancerous areas and the yellowish areas of healthy stomach lining, and even medical students without much endoscopy experience were able to identify the edges of cancerous lesions.

Lead author Dr Hiroyuki Osawa said that the study, which is published in the journal Gastrointestinal Endoscopy, is the first to report optimal band images for early gastric cancer.

He confirmed: "In our comparative study, the optimal band imaging system with endoscopy showed contrasting images that could delineate the depressed-type early gastric cancers more easily than conventional endoscopy."


Source: Cancer Research UK

Gene therapy could 'train' immune system to destroy brain cancer cells

Scientists are developing a new gene therapy approach that 'trains' the immune system to destroy brain cancer cells and may even restore normal brain function.

The approach is being tested on animal models with glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), an aggressive form of brain cancer that often affects concentration, memory and balance as the tumour compresses nerve cells.

read the whole research update here

Embryonic Stem Cells To Make Insulin-Secreting Cells In Mice

Scientists at a US biotechnology company implanted immature beta-cells derived from human embryonic stem cells (hES cells) into mice and showed that they generated insulin-secreting cells that responded to raised blood sugar.

click here to read the whole article

Google and Cleveland Clinic Work Together

Cleveland Clinic in Ohio, USA, is working with Google to pilot a new information system that will give patients control over their health records.

Click here to read the whole article

Cost of Living in Canada

click here to see Nurse Average Salary & Basic Cost of Living in Canada 2002

Nursing in Canada (FAQs)

How long does the process take?
The process is separated into four components:

- Nurse Registration: the length of time for registration depends upon how quickly the provincial licensing board receives all the required documentation; the process usually takes 3-6 months.

- Job placement: depends on your qualifications, work experience, references and the healthcare job market demand at the time of your eligibility to practice on interim permit. A good nurse gets a job offer in 3-6 months from the moment of her job application, especially if the nurse has experience in one of the nursing specialities in demand in Canada: Intensive Care, Cardiac Care, Emergency, Operating Room. Nurses without extensive experience usually get a job in 6-12 months or more.Applicants must also be aware that due to the continuously changing healthcare job market in Canada, placement is not guaranteed for all applicants. The Canadian healthcare employers usually pick the best international nurses, who are able to prove extensive hospital experience, have excellent work references, are fluent in English and can adapt fairly quickly to the Canadian healthcare setting. Generally if the nurse does not receive a job offer with 12 months, the possibility of getting a job is low and we advise the applicant to increase her chances by taking a speciality course and/or obtaining more experience in one of the the nursing specialities in demand in Canada.

- HRDC confirmation: once a job offer is received the application is assessed by Human Resources Development Canada (HRDC) which will confirm the job offer once enough proof was provided that no Canadian applicants were found for the job; the approval process takes usually 3-4 weeks.

- Work visa application: once a HRDC approved job offer was received by applicant, the work visa process can take 2-8 more weeks


Do I have to write an exam in Canada?
Yes, you will have to take the Canadian RN Examination within 8 months after landing in Canada. The provincial licensing board will assess your school credentials and compare them to the Canadian requirements for registration. In case you meet the requirements you will be declared eligible to write the Canadian RN Exam.

Am I eligible for relocation assistance?
For some candidates (depending on experience, specialization, etc.) the employer may offer relocation assistance and in some cases temporary accommodation upon arrival in CANADA. But these are not an obligation of the employer and we generally advice candidates not to mention this request to the employer until they are informed that they have passed the phone interview.

What will I be paid? What is a nurse's salary in Canada?
The salary varies depending on specialization, shift, candidate's experience and employer's location on a range between $21.8-$32.5 CND.


What is the cost of living in Canada?
Will I be able to save some money while working in Canada?
Take note that the cost of living differs from one Province to another, and is higher in larger cities than in small towns. Toronto is the most expensive city to live in Canada, follwed closly by Vancouver, on the West Coast.

How about my family? Is it possible for them to accompany me to CANADA?
Yes, they can. Your spouse and children under 21 can accompany you on a visitor visa. Immigration Canada has also recently introduced since 1998 a
program for spousal employment authorization (EA). For a spouse to be eligible the principal applicant must hold an EA that has a duration of a period of at least six months. The spouse must have obtained a written job offer written from an employer before he or she can apply, but can apply once the family is already in Canada.

I am interested in Immigration to Canada. Can I get the Permanent Resident status in Canada?
Once you are fully registered and permanently employed in Canada you are eligible to apply for Canadian Permanent Residency / Landed Immigrant Status, which can lead to Canadian Citizenship after 36 months of Canadian residency. However we advise you to complete first one year of employment in Canada before applying for residency, as this will greatly increase your chances of being accepted.


How much will the whole process cost me?
- assessment and processing of work visa, payable to Immigration Canada is currently CAN $150 - the medical examination undertaken in your home country; fee varies from CAN $150-$100- assessment fees for nurse registration in Canada, payable to the licensing board; fee varies from CAN $150-$250 - other expenses are the plane ticket and some pocket money that you will have to bring to Canada for your basic needs until you will receive your first paycheck.



Source: newsolutionscanada

Nursing in Canada

Nursing is a regulated profession in Canada.

The Nurses (Registered) Act and Rules permits only currently registered nurses to use the title "Registered Nurse" or "RN".

To qualify for registration in Canada, an international nurse must complete a nursing program comparable to one in Canada, demonstrate fluency in English, provide evidence of recent practice and achieve a passing score on the Canadian RN Examination (CRNE).

If an offer of employment exists, the international nurse is allowed to practice on an interim (temporary) permit before the Canadian Examination. However, applicants must be advised that Canadian employers prefer international nurses who have already passed the CRNE.


Basic requirements for Nurse Work Visa Program:

.Completion of a Nursing Education program of minimum 3 years (4 years required in Ontario)

.A minimum of 5 years postgraduate experience, preferrably in ICU, CCU, OR, ER or L&D.

.Good character - based on references, no record of outstanding criminal charges or convictions relevant to the practice of Nursing

.Fitness to engage in the practice of Nursing - based on satisfactory employment references, registration in good standing in other jurisdictions and no health problems that impair ability to practice

.Fluency in English; if native language is not English, passing scores at: TOEFL Paper=550/Computer=213 and TSE=50; or Academic IELTS: At least 7 in Speaking and 6.5 for Writing, Listening and Reading.

You can join the program without the English tests, but they must be passed before coming to Canada. The Provincial Nursing Association will not issue an interim permit without proof of fluency in English!

The English test waiver. In some cases, the follwing categories of international nurses might be able to obtain a waiver for the English test:
- applicants who have worked as a RNs for at least 12 consecutive months in a Hospital where English was the language of communication
- applicants have completed a nursing education program in English
- applicants who are registered and have practised nursing in the last five years in a country who's official language is English



The licensing board will consider other education courses and programs completed in English or French on a case by case basis based on the official transcript of the course and course description.

CGFNS / NCLEX tests are NOT required in order to obtain registration in Canada!




for more information, visit: newsolutionscanada

Thursday, February 21, 2008

FULL LIST OF DEC 2007 NURSING LICENSURE EXAM SUCCESSFUL EXAMINEES

Congratulations to all December 2007 Nursing Board exam passers!

Click the link below or right-click then "save target as"


click here to see the COMPLETE LIST

Dec 2007 NLE TOPNOTCHERS

NURSE LICENSURE EXAMINATIONRESULTS RELEASED IN FIFTY-SEVEN (57) WORKING DAYS

The Professional Regulation Commission (PRC) announces that 28,924 out of 67,728 passed the Nurse (First Timers, Repeaters, Removals and Voluntary Retakers of all subjects) Licensure Examination given by the Board of Nursing in the cities of Manila, Baguio, Cagayan de Oro, Cebu, Davao, Iloilo, Legazpi, Lucena, Tacloban, Tuguegarao and Zamboanga last December 2007. Ten (10) out of the 14 Retakers as per C.A. Decision passed and 729 out of the 1,132 Special Certification Retakers for C.G.F.N.S. passed the examination.

The members of the Board of Nursing are Carmencita M. Abaquin, Chairman; Leonila A. Faire, Betty F. Merritt, Perla G. Po, Marco Antonio C. Sto.Tomas, Yolanda C. Arugay and Amelia B. Rosales.

Those who will register are required to bring the following: duly accomplished Oath Form or Panunumpa ng Propesyonal, current Community Tax Certificate (cedula), 2 pieces passport size picture (colored with white background and complete nametag), 1 piece 1” x 1” picture (colored with white background and complete nametag), 2 sets of metered documentary stamps, and 1 short brown envelope with name and profession; and to pay the Initial Registration Fee of P600 and Annual Registration Fee of P450 for 2008-2011. Successful examinees should personally register and sign in the Roster of Registered Professionals.

The oathtaking ceremony of the successful examinees in the said examination as well as the previous ones who have not taken their Oath of Professional will be held before the Board on Monday and Tuesday, March 17 and 18, 2008, with morning and afternoon sessions at the SMX Convention Center, Pasay City (back of Mall of Asia). All must come in their white gala uniform, nurses cap, white duty shoes, without earrings, hair not touching the collar and without corsage.


Tickets will be available starting Thursday, February 28, 2008 at the Philippine Nurses’ Association, 1663 F.T. Benitez Street, Malate, Manila on a strictly first come first serve basis.

The top performing schools in the December 2007 Nurse Licensure Examination are the following:

A. WITH 100 AND MORE EXAMINEES

RANK SCHOOL TOTAL NO.OF EXAM. TOTAL NO.PASSED PERCENTAGEPASSED

1 Saint Louis University 146 144 99.00 %
2 Xavier University 233 229 98.00 %
3 Silliman University 321 312 97.00 %
NOTHING FOLLOWS----------------------


B. WITH 30-99 EXAMINEES

RANK SCHOOL TOTAL NO.OF EXAM. TOTAL NO.PASSED PERCENTAGEPASSED

1 Trinity University of Asia (Trinity – Quezon City) 41 40 98.00 %
2 Mindanao State University – Marawi City 76 74 97.00 %University of the East Ramon Magsaysay Memorial Medical Center 31 30 97.00 %
3 Palawan State University – P. Princesa 57 54 95.00 %
NOTHING FOLLOWS----------------------

The performance of schools in the December 2007 Nurse Licensure Examination in alphabetical order as per R.A. 8981 otherwise known as PRC Modernization Act of 2000 Section 7(m) To monitor the performance of schools in licensure examinations and publish the results thereof in a newspaper of national circulation” is as follows: (Any discrepancy in the report is not intentional on the part of the Commission, but rather due to miscoding of school codes by the examinees themselves. Concerned schools may write the Commission for correction.)

Any discrepancy in the performance of schools listed above is entirely unintentional on the part of the Professional Regulation Commission but rather due to miscoding of school codes by the examinees themselves in the application forms. Concerned schools may write the Commission for correction.

The successful examinees who garnered the ten (10) highest places are the following:

RANK NAME SCHOOL RATING (%)

1 ZANDRA MAE ZABAZA BONGCO PAMANTASAN NG LUNGSOD NG MAYNILA 88.40

2 ROBNEIL DYLAN SANCHEZ DELLOSA UNIVERSITY OF PERPETUAL HELP RIZAL-CALAMBA CAMPUS 87.00

3 JOANNA KAYE BINOYA REMOLAR SAN PEDRO COLLEGE-DAVAO CITY 86.80

4 DENISE CLAUDIA DIMATULAC MANGILIMAN UNIVERSITY OF MAKATI 86.40NEIL NIÑO SUGITARIOS NAVARRA SAN PEDRO COLLEGE-DAVAO CITY 86.40PEDRO JR POSADAS TABERNERO SAINT DOMINIC SAVIO COLLEGE 86.40

5 JOANN AGUILAR CANDADO WEST NEGROS COLLEGE 86.20BETTY CHUA CHUNG UNIVERSITY OF MAKATI 86.20LESLIE YAP COO CENTRAL PHILIPPINE UNIVERSITY 86.20

6 KATRINA VICTORIA LUCEÑO AKUT XAVIER UNIVERSITY 86.00JOHN EDWARD VERGIL VILLAFLOR BELARDO TRINITY UNIVERSITY OF ASIA (TRINITY-QC) 86.00RICHARD BAGUIO SAAVEDRA ATENEO DE DAVAO UNIVERSITY 86.00

7 ROSEMARIE LU GO WESTERN MINDANAO STATE UNIVERSITY 85.80JANUARY IVY BACALI HASPELA CENTRAL PHILIPPINE UNIVERSITY 85.80CRISTINE VALEN MENDEZ DAVAO DOCTORS COLLEGE, INC. 85.80JULIUS ATALIP RIAZONDA SAINT PAUL UNIVERSITY-TUGUEGARAO 85.80

8 JOREENA PERIDA ALVARAN REMEDIOS T. ROMUALDEZ MEDICAL FOUNDATION 85.60EMLYN LIMBO ESCOBAR UNIVERSITY OF LA SALLETE-SANTIAGO 85.60HERNESSA TORRALBA HERNANDEZ XAVIER UNIVERSITY 85.60

9 GERRIE MAE LOZADA ANGOSTURA UNIVERSITY OF ILOILO 85.40SHERYL GAYE UY CU DE LOS SANTOS COLLEGE (DELOS SANTOS SCHOOL OF NURSING) 85.40AYN PORTIA DE LUNA GALAMGAM SAN PEDRO COLLEGE-DAVAO CITY 85.40GERMAINE LOU TABITA SANCHEZ UNIVERSITY OF SAN AGUSTIN 85.40MARIE KATHLEEN CAVIDA SANTOS PERPETUAL HELP COLLEGE OF MANILA 85.40MARY LENIN PEPITO TALISIC SAN PEDRO COLLEGE-DAVAO CITY 85.40JAY PONG YAP CAPITOL UNIVERSITY (CAGAYAN CAPITOL COLL.) 85.40VIVIAN ESPARAZ YU DE LOS SANTOS COLLEGE (DELOS SANTOS SCHOOL OF NURSING) 85.40

10 KATRINA SOCORRO LAPUZ CEMBRANO UNIVERSITY OF SAN AGUSTIN 85.20DIANA JEAN BERNARDO MENDOZA DR. CARLOS S. LANTING COLLEGE-Q. C. 85.20JEGGAR CHRIS ENVOLTORIO SORIANOSOS WEST VISAYAS STATE UNIVERSITY-LA PAZ 85.20AURA YDDA ALYNE SANTIAGO TOREJA OUR LADY OF FATIMA UNIVERSITY-VALENZUELA 85.20

NOTHING FOLLOWS----------------------



28,924 Pass the Philippine NLE

Some 28,924 nursing graduates have passed the Philippine nursing licensure exams conducted on December 2007. The oath-taking of the new nurses will be on March 17 and 18, 2008 at the SMX Convention Center in the Mall of Asia.

Dec 2007 NLE update: 43% of 67,000 pass nursing board

Tripon said the 43.42 percent passing mark was “within the usual range.”

Graduates from the St. Louie University, Xavier University, Siliman University, Trinity, Mindanao State University, and Palawan State University were among the top 10, according to a radio report.

read the whole article
here.

Tips for caregivers of people with heart disease

General advice for caregivers

Caregivers are those who take care of someone with a chronic illness or disease such as a parent, spouse, sibling, or child. Caregivers often provide emotional as well as physical support to the chronically ill and the job can be very taxing. Caregiver stress levels can run very high and there is a real danger of the caregiver becoming ill themselves if they do not take care of themselves The tips below may help caregivers to balance their critically important role with their own health and well being.

Take care of your own health
It is critical to remember to take care of your own health as well as the health of the person you are caring for. Caregivers are at greater risk for contracting infectious disease than the general public. This is probably due both to the stress that being a caregiver entails, which can reduce the effectiveness of the immune system, and to a lack of time in a busy caregiver’s life to devote to one’s own health.

If someone is dependent on you for regular care, when you get sick both of you will suffer. Keeping up with your vaccinations and continue to have yearly physical examinations and other appropriate medical surveillance (e.g. mammograms, prostate exams) are two things you can do to keep yourself healthy.

Depression is twice as common among caregivers as non-caregivers. While it is normal to feel down sometimes when taking care of a sick relative, it is important to pay special attention to your mood and seek out medical advice if you start to have symptoms of clinical depression. For example, if you find you are losing interest in the things you normally enjoy the most, or getting angry for no reason, or if you are avoiding friends and loved ones, you may want to see a doctor to be screened for depression.

Take time for yourself
Caregivers are often employed in addition to spending large amounts of time taking care of their patients. You should try to take some time for yourself every day. That doesn’t mean you need to watch a three hour movie; sometimes a hot bath is enough, as long as you have some respite from the day where the only person you are focused on is you. This can do wonders for your emotional well being.

Get some exercise
Physical activity often gets neglected when caregiving. Finding time to exercise, even for twenty minutes a day can help you maintain your physical health.

Eat healthy
When people are busy they tend to eat more fast food and junk food, or to skip meals entirely. However, even a little effort can improve your eating habits dramatically. Buy breakfast foods that you can eat on the go. Get fruits and vegetables to eat as snacks - they are affordable and portable. Try to make dinner at home. If you don’t have time to make dinner, get takeout or delivery from a restaurant that has healthy menu options.

Learn how to manage stress
Learning how to manage stress can be difficult, but it can make all the difference for your own health. Stay in touch with your friends and family members. If you need to, ask them for help giving care. Asking for help doesn’t make you a failure; it just means you know your own limits.

Find caregiver resources in your area
Finding support is critical to sustaining yourself as a caregiver. Sharing your experiences with others in a similar situation, or hearing how other people deal with the same challenges that you face can help you gain perspective.


Heart disease specific issues

When caring for someone with heart disease there are some specific things you can do to help keep them well both physically and mentally.

Medication management
Heart disease patients may have as many as five (or more) medications that need to be taken daily. As a caregiver, you should have a system to make sure that the patient takes the medications when and how they are supposed to be taken. You can use alarms or timers to remind the patient when to take each pill and weekly pill dispensers to make sure they only take the dose that is prescribed. You may want to keep a medicine calendar and note every time the patient takes a dose, or have the patient do it themselves. You will also want to refill prescriptions before the patient runs out, so keep tabs on the supply of each medicine.

Make sure that the patient is not taking anything that is contraindicated by their condition or that may interact with their medication. Examples include such things as herbal supplements, antihistamines, and analgesics like aspirin and ibuprofen.

Side Effects
The side effects of heart disease medications can be dangerous so watch the patient to make sure that they stay safe. For example, many blood pressure medications dilate blood vessels, which can make it difficult to adjust to changes in posture such as standing up. Have the patient stand up slowly and then wait for a moment before starting to walk.

Anti-clotting drugs are designed to make it more difficult for clots to form inside the blood vessels and cause heart attack or stroke, but they may also make it more difficult to stop the bleeding from a cut (even one from shaving or brushing your teeth). Help remind the patient to be careful to avoid cuts if they are on an anti-clotting drug and contact the doctor if the patient has bleeding from gums when brushing teeth, blood in the urine, nosebleeds, or unusually heavy bleeding from cuts or wounds.

Diuretics increase urination and so can lead to dehydration, which causes dry mouth, extreme thirst, low urine output, and constipation. If any of these occur, talk to the doctor to make sure the patient is being prescribed the correct dose.

Diet and exercise
Most heart disease patients are asked to adhere to a diet that contains low amounts of sodium, saturated fats, and cholesterol. Depending on overall health, the doctor may also suggest daily exercise. Helping a patient stick to their diet and exercise regimen is critical to their overall health. One way to ensure adherence to a restricted diet is to prepare meals for the patient. If this is not feasible, you can try to limit the amount of forbidden foods that are present in the patient’s home. Also, a little encouragement can go a long way. If possible, you can even stick to the diet with them.

The level of exercise required of a patient will depend on their overall health, but for most patients, frequent walks are beneficial. If you have time to accompany them on their walk it will make the experience more enjoyable and increase adherence. The same is true of more strenuous exercise: if you do it together you will both reap the health benefits.

Emotional support
Perhaps the most important role of a caregiver is providing emotional support. Simply being there to listen to the patient’s concerns and to provide encouragement can keep them on the path toward better health

Recognizing symptoms
For all heart disease patients, it is critical to be able to recognize the signs and symptoms of a heart attack. Getting the patient to the hospital with the shortest possible delay decreases the chances of death or disability. If a patient complains of any of the following symptoms

DO NOT DELAY: CALL 911 IMMEDIATELY:
Discomfort, pressure, heaviness, or pain in the chest or below the breastbone
Discomfort radiating to the back, jaw, throat or arm (especially the left arm)
Fullness, indigestion or choking feeling
Shortness of breath
Sweating, nausea, vomiting or dizziness
Extreme weakness or anxiety
Rapid or irregular heartbeats

Have a plan of action
If the patient is at high risk for a heart attack, preparing a plan in advance can help speed treatment. You can make a card that lists the symptoms of heart attack and that includes the names and locations of nearby trauma centers. You can carry one yourself, give one to the patient and other family members, and leave some next to the phones in the patient’s home.



Source: healia.com

Nutrition and Fitness Challenge

Test your nutrition and fitness knowledge!

click here to take the quiz.

Progressive Care Nursing

PCCN exam study guide

I. Clinical Judgment (80%)

A. Cardiovascular (37%)
1. Acute coronary syndromes/unstable angina
2. Acute heart failure/pulmonary edema
3. Acute myocardial infarction/ischemia
4. Acute peripheral vascular insufficiency (e.g., acute arterial occlusion, carotid artery stenosis)
5. Cardiac surgery (e.g. valve replacement, CABG)
6. Cardiomyopathies (e.g. hypertrophic, dilated, restrictive, idiopathic)
7. Dysrhythmias
8. Heart failure
9. Hypertensive crisis
10. Myocardial conduction system defects
11. Pulmonary hypertension (e.g., valvular defects, aortic stenosis, mitral stenosis)
12. Ruptured or dissecting aneurysm
13. Shock states (e.g. cardiogenic, hypovolemic)

B. Pulmonary (13%)
1. Acute pulmonary embolus, fat embolus
2. Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS)
3. Acute respiratory failure
4. Acute respiratory infections (e.g. pneumonia, strep pneumonia, RSV)
5. Aspirations (e.g., aspiration pneumonia, foreign-body aspiration)
6. Chronic lung disease
7. Pulmonary hypertension
8. Respiratory distress (e.g. emphysema, bronchitis)
9. Status asthmaticus, exacerbation of COPD, emphysema, bronchitis
10. Thoracic surgery (e.g., lung contusions, fractured ribs, hemothorax, pulmonary hemorrhage, lung reduction, pneumonectomy, lobectomy, tracheal surgery)

C. Endocrine (4%)
1. Acute hypoglycemia
2. Adrenal disorders (e.g. adrenal insufficiency)
3. Diabetes insipidus
4. Diabetic ketoacidosis
5. Hyperglycemic hyperosmolar nonketotic coma (HHNK)

D. Hematology/Immunology (5%)
1. Immunosuppression-acquired (e.g., HIV, AIDS, neoplasms)
2. Life-threatening coagulopathies (e.g. ITP, DIC, hemophilia, HITTS) and non life-threatening coagulopathies
3. Organ transplantation (e.g. liver, bone marrow, kidney, heart, pancreas, lung)
4. Sickle cell crisis

E. Neurology (4%)
1. Intracranial hemorrhage/intraventricular hemorrhage (e.g. subarachnoid, epidural, subdural)
2. Seizure disorders
3. Stroke (embolic events, hemorrhagic)

F. Gastrointestinal (5%)
1. Acute GI hemorrhage (e.g. esophageal, upper and lower)
2. Bowel infarction/obstruction/ perforation
3. Gastro-esophageal reflux
4. GI surgeries (e.g. Whipple, esophago-gastrectomy, gastric bypass)
5. Pancreatitis

G. Renal (6%)
1. Acute renal failure (e.g. acute tubular necrosis, hypoxia, dialysis)
2. Chronic renal failure and dialysis
3. Life-threatening electrolyte imbalances (e.g., potassium, sodium, calcium, phosphorus, magnesium)

H. Multisystem (6%)
1. Multisystem trauma
2. Septic shock/infectious diseases (e.g. congenital viral, bacterial, line sepsis, nosocomial infections, immunosuppression)
3. Systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS)/sepsis/MODS
4. Toxic ingestions and inhalations (e.g., drug/alcohol overdose, poisoning)

II. Professional Caring and Ethical Practice (20%)

A. Advocacy/Moral Agency (2%)
B. Caring Practices (4%)
C. Collaboration (4%)
D. Systems Thinking (2%)
E. Response to Diversity (2%)
F. Clinical Inquiry (2%)



Frequently Asked Questions


Source: AACN

Wednesday, February 20, 2008

Overseas applications for Nursing Jobs in London

Below is a guide on what you need to become registered in the UK and also some tips and guidelines on agencies and other employers. In the majority of cases you will need to fulfil the following criteria in order to secure a nursing job in London.

As a general rule overseas applicants will need:

NMC Registration

The NMC is responsible for registering all nurses working in the UK. It is not possible to work as a registered nurse with the NMC registration.

In order to get registered there are 3 stages.

You will first need:
1. Information Pack:
You can get one of these by either writing to the NMC and they can post one to you or downloading one from the NMC website. If you do not have broadband internet connection it can take a long time to download. The application pack you will be sent will detail what you will need to send to the NMC in order for them to assess you as to your suitability to become NMC registered.

Certain documents will definitely be needed so it is best to realize this in advance:
Registration certificate
Birth Certificate
Copies of Diplomas
References from previous employers
Transcript of your training from your training provider. This should include details of the amount of practical training you have had.


2. Payment:
In order to proceed you will need complete the application form and send all relevant documents along with a fee of £117 to the NMC.

3. Assessment:
Each application is then assessed by the NMC. This can be a long process and you should allow a minimum of 3 months for a decision to come through. In practice it will probably take longer. The NMC will verify all the information you send them and determine the adequacy of the education and training that you have had compared to an equivalent course in the UK.

4. Possible Decisions
a. Accepted onto the NMC register
b. Rejection to the NMC register - where education/training levels do not meet the required standard
c. Need to complete a period of Supervised Practice.

It is quite often the decision of the NMC for the nurse to undertake a period of supervised practice. It will state in the letter how long this period is to last for. It is often between 3 and 6 months.

Obtaining Supervised Practice
Only some agencies will accept nurses who are looking for Supervised Practice, however this is fairly rare. In order to gain a placement for supervised practice you should try to contact hospitals directly. You can also try nursing homes.


Top Tips

NEVER pay an agency a fee. Agencies receive their money from the hospital/employer. Some unscrupulous agencies might ask nurses to pay a fee in order to help them secure a job. Do not deal with these agencies as there are plenty of agencies who will not charge you.

DO NOT surrender your passport and any other documents to an Agency. Agencies do this to try to make sure that you stay with a certain employer so that the agency will not have to repay the fee. However you should agree a minimum period that you will stay with a certain employer.

Prepare early for NMC registration: NMC registration is a notoriously long process and ideally you should apply 6 months before wanting to move to UK.



source: Nurses 4 London

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